Baking-oven.



PATENTBD 11111.13, 1003. 1

P. E. LASKOWSKI. BAKINGr OVEN.

APPLIoLTIoN mmm Arx. 2a, 1002.

2 sinus-s111131 1.

H0 MODEL.

ls virtus co. PNoTo-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D. c.

No- 718,260- PATENTED JAN. 1a, 1903. P. ELASKOWSKI.,

BAKING OVEN. f

AYPLIUATION PIL'BD APR. 28, 1902.

I0 MODEL. l 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

TM5 rmnms persas co.. wom-umu., WASHINGTON, u, c.

pose UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER E. LASKOWSKI, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

BAKING-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 718,260, dated. January13, 1903.

Application filed April 28, 1902;

To all whom i may concern:

Be it known that l, PETER E. LAsKowsKr, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens,of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its objects the production of an oven in which theheat can be perfectly regulated and which can be easily and economicallyconstructed andwhich can be easily dismantled and removed to anotherplace and set up again. Other objects will be further stated.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification,Figure l is an isometric view of my oven viewed from the front from aslight elevation and at one side of the center thereof. Fig. 2 isacross-section through the smoke-stack. Fig. 3 is a cross sectionthrough the heat regulating pipe. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal verticalsec-Y tion a little to one side of the center.

A is the baking-chamber, having a slightlyrounded top composed of twothicknesses of vsheet metal B, with an asbestos packing@` interposedtherebetween, which is strengthened by a longitudinal rib D. The sidesand back and front ends of the baking-chamber are composed of twothicknesses of sheet metal, with a packing of sand between. Asbestospacking couldbe used instead of sand,butI prefer sand, as it is cheaperand holds the heat better. I prefer asbestos for the top, as it islighter; but sand may be used, if desired. The bottom is formed ofasingle thickness of sheet metal E, which supports the bakingfloor F,composed of some vitreous substance, preferably of red brick. In thefront end wall of the baking-chamber is an opening Gr, the bottom ot'which slopes downward, and the outer edge lies below the baking-door, asshown in Fig. 4. This opening is closed by a vertically-movable doubledoor I-I, which moves in guides I and is opened by a chain or rope .I orother suitable means. The purin having the opening into thebakingchamber at the front lower than the iioor of the baking-chamber isto enable the operator to place material to be baked in the chamberwithout raising the door the full height of the material being passedtherein above the Serial No.105,125. (Nomodel.)

floor, as he would have to do if the outer edge of the opening were on alevel with the floor, the sloping bottom of the opening enabling him tokeep the bottom` of the door nearer to the plane of the iioor of thechamber, andthereby prevent theescape of heat which would otherwiseescape if the door were raised the full height of the material above thedoor. Should the door not fit perfectly tight at the bottom, less heatwill escape through the crack than if siich crack were in the sannevplane as the bottom otchamber. The sheet-metal bottom of the bakingchamber at its outer edges turns downward till it meets the outer bottomwall L. It is supported by three I-beams K, which rest on the outerbottom wall L of the outer casing, which with such casing and the bottomof the chamber form longitudinallyextending draft-fines M and S from thefurnaces N and R to the back of the bakingchamber. Furnace N iscentrally located and discharges its products of combustion int/o iiuesThis bottom wall is supported Vby legs O and in the rear of thefurnaceis of double thickness and is nearer the baking- Chamber than itis under the furnaces.

On each side of furnace N, adjacent to the side walls of the outercasing P, are furnaces R, which rdischarge the products of combustionthereof partly into-fines S, formed by the bottom casing of thebakingchamber, the outer I-beams, and the bottom wall of -the outercasing, which flues extend to the back of and under thebaking-chamben'and partly into the side and vtop fines T. The front,side, and top walls of the outer casing are double and have a packing ofsand U between the two sheets thereof to retain the heat. Runninglongitudinally on the top of the baking-chamber are I-beams V, whichextend to and support the topl outer casing and with such casing and thetop of the baking chamber form the top draft-hue W, which extends fromthe back ue X to front wall of the outer casing. Extending across thistop ue, just back of the smoke-stack Y, is a partition-wall Z, which isprovided with a number of openings therethrough which are closed by theremovable caps a, which are removed therefrom when a hot re is wanted inthe furnaces and are put back when' the IOO smoke from the fine has allpractically passed up the smoke-stack and When it is desired to hold theheat around the baking-chamber for slow baking. Access is had to thesecaps by door b, Which swings, preferably, inwardly, as shown in Fig. 4.In the I-beams Which form the sides of the top flue are openings whichare controlled by swinging dampers c, having handles c', which extendthrough the front wall of the oven, so that the openings may be openedto permit the products of combustion from the furnaces R which pass intofines T to escape therethrough and thence out of the smoke-stack insteadof having to travel to the back flue and then pass therethrough andthrough the top flue and thence out of the smoke-stack.

Leading fromthe top of the baking-chamber and out through the top Wallof the oven is the heat-regulating pipe d, the opening through which iscontrolled by damper e, having handlefextending to the front of theoven. This regulating-pipe affords convenient means to ventilate theoven and to draw off any steam that may accumulate in the oven or topermit any excess of heat in the oven to escape therefrom. It also aordsready means to clear the oven of the steam used therein in baking thoseproducts which require steam in the oven While being baked. Asteam-generator 7L is provided to supply steam to the oven when requiredin baking. A hot-Water chamber t' is connected to the oven to supply hotWater when required. The spaces between furnace N and furnaces R formroasting-chambersj, which are provided With doors it, through Whicharticles to be roasted are put into and taken out of theroasting-chambers. The casing of my oven is made from sheet metal and isput together with small stove-bolts, so that the several sections may beeasily taken apart, thereby rendering it portable. By this constructionit will be observed that the heat can be perfectly regulated, as firemay be built in one or more furnaces and may be of different intensityin the diiferent furnaces, and the products of combustion from the sidefurnaces may be caused to' travel the entire length of thebaking-chamber and then back to nearly the front thereof at the top, orthey can be permitted to pass up the side and over the top, at the frontthereof, or to take a similar travel farther back from the front, thusenabling the operator to keep perfect control of the heat in thebaking-cham ber. A light box or opening m is provided to permit theinspection of material being baked. Dampers may be used in the partitionof the top fine.

Having described my invention, What I claim as new, andA desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. An oven comprising a baking-chamber having double top, bottom, backand front Walls of sheet metal with a packing therebetween ofnon-combustible heat-retaining rina-Y terial, and a floor provided witha lining of brick, said chamber having an opening in the front Wall, theouter bottom edge of which is below the plane of the baking-floor; aVertically-sliding door adapted to close said opening; a plurality oflongitudinally-extending flues beneath said door; a plurality offurnaces beneath and at the front end of said flues in communicationtherewith; flues at the sides of said chamber extending partly over thetop and to the back of said chamber in communication with the sidefurnaces; a back iiue; a top iiue extending longitudinally and centrallyover the top of said chamber from the back to the front thereof, saidtop flue being provided With a perforated partition in the rear of thesmoke-stack; caps to cover the perforations in said partition whendesired; openings in the side walls of the top flue; dampers to controlsaid openings; and a smoke-stack.

2. In a bakers oven three furnaces in the front thereof under the floorof the bakingchamber; the central furnace being in communication With aplurality of fines extending longitudinally beneath the baking-chamberiioor; each of the side furnaces being in communication with alongitudinal fine beneath the baking-chamber door, and also incommunication with side ues, in combination With a baking-chamberprovided with ilues as described.

3. In a baking-oven, the combination of a baking-chamber; bottom finesextending longitudinally the baking-chamber flues at the sides and overa portion of the top thereof; a back flue; and a longitudinallycentrally extending top ilue in communication With said bottom and sideflues; and a smoke-stack.

4. In a baking-oven side iiues extending longitudinally the sides of thebaking-chamber, a longitudinally-extending flue disposed over the top ofthe baking-chamber having openings in the sides thereof in communicationWith said side iues, and dampers to control said openings.

5. In a baking-oven a longitudinally-extending iiue disposed over thetop of the baking-chamber in communication With the smoke-stack; saidflue having apartition-Wall extending thereacross in the rear of thesmoke-stack, said partition being provided with a plurality of openingstherethrough, removable caps adapted to close the openings in saidpartition.

In Witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my namethis 7th day of April, 1902.

PETER E. LASKOWSKI.

Witnesses:

G. E. HARPHAM,

M. C. NIoKELEsoN, HENRY T. HAZARD.

IIC

